This colonoware vessel base was recovered from the Folly Castle site at Manassas National Battlefield Park. Colonoware is a low-fired ceramic made here by African Americans that, in this portion of Virginia, has only been found in enslaved contexts and is not found in African American contexts after the Civil War (see Laura Galke, 2009, Colonowhen, Colonowho, Colonowhere, Colonowhy: Exploring the Meaning behind the Use of Colonoware Ceramics in Nineteenth-Century Manassas, Virginia, “International Journal of Historical Archaeology” 13:303-326). Object creation: This artifact was scanned at the National Park Services Museum Resource Center, located in Lanham, Maryland, using a NextEngine Desktop 3D scanner. Courtesy of the National Park Service-National Capital Region, Washington, D.C.